INSIDE THE GOVERNOR’S PALACE AT APULUM: APRELIMINARY STUDY OF SPACE, FUNCTION, ANDDECORATIVE EXPRESSION WITH AN EMPHASISON MARBLE USE

Abstract

From the late second century AD, archaeological and epigraphic evidence attests to a major architectural complex within the canabae legionis at Apulum, likely the praetorium consularis, residence and headquarters of the Roman provincial governor in Dacia. Despite excavation challenges due to the modern city of Alba Iulia, a variety of decorative materials have been recovered - marble flooring and wall revetments, mosaics, stucco, and terracotta pavements - many from secondary contexts and previously understudied. This project re-examines these fragments, drawing on material from 19^th-century digs, recent rescue excavations, and earlier research. Emphasis is placed on analyzing the technical and material aspects of interior decoration, particularly the sourcing and use of both local and imported marble categories. The presence of high-quality finishes and evidence of skilled workmanship, including input from northern Italy and Asia Minor, points to a well-developed decorative program. Ultimately, the study of interior decoration at the praetorium consularis not only advances our understanding of the complex’s spatial organization and chronological development, but also contributes to wider inquiries into the economic, cultural, and administrative structures of Roman Dacia.